Title insurance is a one-time purchase at closing that protects against financial loss from defects in the property's title. Unlike other insurance, it covers past events — not future ones. If someone later claims they own your property or have a lien on it, title insurance covers your legal defense and financial loss.
| Feature | Lender's Policy | Owner's Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Who It Protects | The mortgage lender | You (the homeowner) |
| Required? | Yes — always required | Optional — but strongly recommended |
| Coverage Amount | Loan amount | Purchase price |
| Duration | Until loan is paid off | As long as you or your heirs own the home |
| Cost | ~$500-$1,000 (included in closing) | ~$500-$1,000 additional (often discounted when bought together) |
| Risk Without It | Lender won't fund the loan without it | You pay out of pocket for title disputes |
Does NOT cover: issues that arise after closing (your own liens), zoning violations, HOA rule violations, or flood/earthquake damage.